Presentation
EMS (Engine Management System)
EMS is an electronic system with
CAN communication (Controller Area Network) for diesel engine control. The
system was developed by Volvo and includes fuel control and a diagnostic
function.
Summary
The system comprises such items
as a control unit, sensors and injectors. The sensors send input signals to the
control unit, which in turn controls the injectors.
The information from the sensors
gives exact data about prevailing operating conditions and allows the processor
in the control module to calculate the correct injection amount, injection
timing and check engine health.
Input signals
The control unit receives input
signals about engine operating conditions from the following components
- coolant temperature sensor
- charge air pressure and
temperature sensor
- rpm sensor, camshaft
- rpm sensor, flywheel
- coolant level sensor
- oil pressure sensor
- fuel pressure sensor
- water-in-fuel indicator
- fuel pressure in distributor
manifold
Output signals
The control module uses the input
signals to control the following components:
- unitinjectors
- starter motor
- main relay
- pre-heating relay
MPROP, high pressure fuel pump
Fuel control
The engine fuel requirement is
analyzed up to 100 times per second. The amount of fuel injected into the
engine and the injection advance are fully electronically controlled via fuel
valves on the unit injectors.
This means that the engine always
receives the correct volume of fuel in all operating conditions, which provides
lower fuel consumption and minimal exhaust emissions etc.
Diagnostic Function
The task of the diagnostic
function is to detect and locate disturbances within the EMS 2 system, to protect
the engine, and to provide information about problems that arise.
If a malfunction is detected, it
is announced by warning lamps, a flashing diagnostic lamp or in plain language
on the instrument panel, depending on the equipment used. If a fault code is
obtained as a flashing code or in plain language, it is used for guidance in
any fault tracing. Fault codes can also be read by the Volvo VODIA tool at
authorized Volvo Penta workshops.
If there is a serious
malfunction, the engine will shut down altogether, or the control unit will
reduce the power output (depending on application). Here too, a fault code is
set for guidance in any fault tracing.
Instruments and Controls
Display Control Unit
The DCU control panel is
available as an optional accessory for the EMS (Engine Management System)
electronic control system.
The DCU is a digital instrument
panel which communicates with the engine control unit. The DCU has several
functions, such as engine control, monitoring, diagnostics, and parameter
setting.
The menus in the DCU system can
be used to check and in some cases to set, a number of different functions in
the EMS system.
NOTICE! Settings and what engine
data that appears in the display may vary depending on installation and engine
model.
NOTICE! The menus and
illustrations shown here are the English version. The language can be changed,
however; refer to the Setup menu.
Start
When the DCU panel is started,
the "Engine Data" menu is displayed; press "ESC" to come to
the main menu.
1 LED display
2 START. Starts the engine
3 SPEED - . Reduces engine rpm
4 SPEED +. Increases engine rpm
5 STOP. Stops the engine
6 ON/OFF. Starts and stops the
system
7 Scroll downwards in menus
8 SEL. Selects in menus
9 Scroll upwards in menus
10 ESC. Return to previous menu
selection
Menus
There are several sub-menus under
each main menu. There is not space for all the menu choices on the display. To
scroll through the menus, use the 7 and 9 buttons on the display. Press the SEL
button 8 to make a selection. Refer to the illustration on the previous page.
NOTICE! The Setup menu can be
used to select the language that you want to use on the display.
Main menu
Engine data, current engine data
Preheat, manual activation of
pre-heating. Must be activated with temperatures below 0°C (32°F)
Governor mode, activation of
droop
Diagnostics, shows fault codes as
text
Trip reset, resets trip data
Setup, parameter setting
Information, shows the currently
applicable hard/software, data sets and engine identification for the engine
and DCU data.
Engine data
shows relevant engine data
Engine speed, can be controlled
with the SPEED+ and SPEED- buttons (rpm)
Charge pressure (kPa)
Coolant temperature (°C)
Charge air temperature (°C)
Oil pressure (kPa)
Oil temperature (°C)
Engine hours (h)
Battery voltage (V)
Fuel consumption (l/h)
Instantaneous fuel consumption
(trip fuel) (l)
Preheat
Manual activation of pre-heating.
When it is activated, the EMS system senses at start-up if pre-heating is
needed. For automatic pre-heating, refer to the Setup/Preheat on ignition menu.
NOTICE! Must be activated with
temperatures below 0°C (32°F).
The pre-heating time is adjusted
to suit the engine temperature, and can last for up to 50 seconds both before
and after starting. Refer also to Starting procedure EMS 2.
Press SEL, the text Preheat
requested will be shown
The display automatically returns
to the Engine Data menu.
Governor mode
Activates/shuts off droop. To set
the droop level, refer to the Setup / Governor gradient or Governor droop menu.
Select Isochronous mode or Droop
mode with the SEL button.
Diagnostics
Shows the error list containing
the 10 latest active and inactive faults. The fault codes are shown as text on
the display.
Scroll through the fault list
with the arrow keys.
Trip Data reset
Resets trip data, such as fuel
consumption
Press the SEL button to reset
trip data
Setup
Parameter setting in the engine's
control systems. Different menus appear under Customer parameter, depending on
whether Versatile or Gen set has been selected from Set application. See below.
The parameters that can be
set/selected (choice is made with the SEL button) are:
Set application, setting
Versatile or Gen set.
Depending on the selection made
here, different menus will appear under Customer parameter.
Unit, setting of units (metric or
US imperial)
Language, setting the language
used on the display. Choose between English, French, German and Spanish.
Stop energized to, setting of
external stop input. Activated by Stop or Run.
Stop: The stop input must be
connected to voltage to stop the engine.
Run: The stop input must be
connected to voltage to run the engine.
Customer parameter, setting alarm
limits. Refer to
Customer parameter / Versatile
and Customer parameter / Genset.
Throttle input setting, setting
of engine-speed control and voltage limits. Refer to Throttle input setting.
Display setting, setting the
display. refer to Display setting.
Customer parameter / Versatile
Idle engine speed - setting idle
speed
Preheat on ignition - activation
of automatic pre-heating. The engine control system senses if pre-heating is
needed and activates it directly at switch-on.
Governor gradient (Nm/rpm) -
setting of droop level, when activated. For activation, refer to Governor droop
in the main menu.
Oil temp warning limit (°C) -
setting alarm limit for oil temperature.
Coolant temp warning limit (°C) -
setting alarm limit for coolant temperature.
Customer parameter/ Genset
Primary engine speed - selection
of engine rpm 1500 or 1800 rpm.
Preheat on ignition - activation
of automatic pre-heating. The engine control system senses if pre-heating is
needed and activates it directly at switch-on.
Governor droop (%) - setting of
droop level, when activated. For activation, refer to "Governor
droop" in the main menu.
Over-speed limit (%) - setting of
limit for over-speed alarm, % of set engine rpm.
Over-speed shutdown - activation
of engine shut-down with over-speed alarm. Refer to "Over-speed
limit" to activate the alarm limit for the excess rpm alarm.
Oil temp warning limit (°C) -
setting alarm limit for oil temperature.
Coolant temp limit (oC) - setting
alarm limit for coolant temperature.
Throttle input setting
rpm control setting (throttle
operation)
Set throttle mode - OFF - engine
rpm is controlled via the DCU panel.
ext throttle input - engine speed
is controlled with a potentiometer (accelerator).
ext voltage input - engine rpm is
controlled by an external unit.
Set idle voltage (V) - idle
voltage level setting
Set max voltage (V) - full
throttle voltage level setting.
Display setting
settings for the display.
Adjustment is made with the 7 and 9 buttons; see DCU panel illustration.
Set contrast (%) - contrast
setting
Set back light time (sec) - time
setting (in seconds) for display back lighting on, lighting is then shut off if
the panel is not used.
Set back light brightness -
display back lighting brightness setting.
Information
shows the data for the engine and
DCU
Engine hardware Id - engine
control unit part number.
Engine software Id - engine
control unit software part number.
Engine dataset1 Id - engine data
set l part number
Engine dataset2 Id - engine data
set 2 part number
Vehicle Id - chassis number
DCU hardware Id - DCU part number
DCU software Id - DCU software
part number
DCU datasetl Id - DCU data set l
part number
DCU dataset2 Id - DCU data set 2
part number
Note: Volvo company is Sweden's
largest industrial enterprise with a history of 120 years, and it is one of the
world's oldest engine manufacturers. So far its engine output has reached more
than 1 million units, and it has been widely used in automobile, engineering
machinery, ships and other power, it is the ideal power of the generator.
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