The function of the fuel pump is to increase the pressure of the oil in the fuel tank to overcome the resistance of the oil passing through the filter, and to continuously deliver diesel with a certain pressure and flow rate to the fuel injection pump. There are many structures of oil pumps, commonly including cycloidal rotor type, mechanical blade type, and plunger type. Dingbo Electric will introduce the structure and working principle of mechanical blade type oil transfer pumps and plunger type oil transfer pumps.
(1) Mechanical blade oil pump. The rotating shaft on the oil pump is not concentric with the inner hole of the eccentric steel cylinder. There are four straight grooves on the rotating cylinder, which are equipped with blades to divide the interior of the eccentric cylinder into three spaces of different volumes, A, B, and C. When the rotating drum rotates, the spatial volume of the three parts mentioned above changes accordingly, with part A increasing and part C decreasing. When the volume increases, a vacuum degree is generated, and fuel is sucked in from the inlet. When the volume decreases, the fuel is squeezed and sent out from the outlet. The fuel supply of the fuel pump is greater than the demand of the diesel engine, so the pressure at the outlet continues to rise. When the pressure rises to a certain level, overcome the pressure of the pressure regulating valve spring, open the pressure regulating valve, and the fuel flows back to the inlet from the pressure regulating valve, keeping the pressure of the fuel delivery pump within a certain range. When in use, the oil supply pressure of the fuel pump can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure screw.
Before starting the diesel engine, the fuel relies on the pressure generated by the height difference of the fuel tank level, overcomes the elastic force of the throttle valve spring, opens the throttle valve, and the fuel enters the fuel system through the small hole on the pressure reducing valve, enters the outlet, and is sent to the fuel system.
(2) The plunger type fuel transfer pump for diesel engines consists of a pump body, plunger, check valve, inlet valve, and hand pressure pump. The 4135 diesel engine fuel transfer pump is basically the same as the 4125 diesel engine fuel transfer pump. A plunger type fuel pump is essentially a combination of a piston and two one-way valves to ensure fuel supply. The fuel supply power can be manual or mechanically driven. Due to the mechanical driving force acting on the roller, it is sometimes also called a roller type fuel pump.
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