The exhaust gas turbocharger can effectively utilize the pulse energy of the exhaust gas emitted by the diesel engine to drive the radial turbine, driving the centrifugal compressor impeller coaxial with the turbine to rotate at high speed, increasing the air pressure, and entering the cylinder through the diesel engine intake pipe to increase the charging amount of the diesel engine, which can provide more diesel for combustion, thereby improving the output power and economy of the diesel engine. Before assembly, all parts of the exhaust gas turbocharger should be carefully cleaned (including various tools used for assembly). The parts should be wiped with a lint free soft cloth and placed in a clean place. At the same time, all parts should be inspected and qualified before assembly. If necessary, the dynamic balance of the turbine rotor, compressor impeller and its combination components should be recalibrated and reassembled after picking.
The assembly process and precautions are as follows.
1. Place the compressor end of the middle shell facing upwards and install the spring retaining ring into the inner groove of the bearing seat hole on the compressor end, being careful not to damage the shaft hole. Then place the floating bearing coated with clean engine oil, and insert the thrust ring into another spring snap ring. When installing floating bearings, pay attention to raising the end with an oil groove on the side. After each spring snap ring is installed, it is necessary to check whether the snap ring has fully entered the ring groove.
2. Install the spring retaining ring, floating bearing, and thrust ring into the bearing hole of the turbine end in the order described in step ①, with the turbine end of the middle shell facing upwards. When installing the floating bearing, be sure to place the end with the oil groove on the side facing upwards.
3. Two circular rings made of thin iron wire are placed on the fingers, and the two elastic sealing rings are opened and inserted into the sealing ring groove of the turbine rotor shaft. Be careful not to apply too much force to avoid permanent deformation or breakage of the elastic sealing ring.
4. When installing the two elastic sealing rings on the turbine rotor shaft, the opening positions should be staggered by 180 °. Then, apply clean engine oil to the sealing rings and carefully insert the rotor into the middle housing. When assembling, be careful not to damage the inner hole surface of the floating bearing with the steps and threads on the shaft. To prevent the ring from slipping out or breaking during assembly, the position of the elastic sealing ring relative to the rotor shaft should be centered and guided by the conical surface on the middle housing seat hole, so that it can smoothly slide into the sealing ring seat hole.
5. Use your hand to support the turbine impeller that has been installed in the middle shell, clamp the hexagonal shoulder at the outlet of the turbine impeller onto the vise, and gently hold the middle shell with your hand to prevent accidental tilting. Be careful to prevent the turbine rotor shaft from slipping out of the middle shell.
6. Place the thrust plate and spacer ring on the shaft, and then insert the thrust bearing coated with clean engine oil. Note that the oil inlet hole above the thrust bearing plane should be aligned with the oil inlet hole on the middle shell. Then place the stop washer, tighten the 4 bolts, and secure the locking of the 4 bolts. Then put another thrust plate on the shaft and install it into the oil baffle, paying attention to the oil guide tongue on the oil baffle, which must extend into the return oil chamber.
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