The lube oil
system of the diesel engines lubricates the rotating and moving parts and gears
of the engine to minimize the effects of metal to metal contact that
causes both sliding and rolling types of friction, and to absorb great amount
generated heat to achieve smooth performance and lengthening the life of the
internal parts of the engine.
Functionally, the main task of the
lube oil system in the diesel engine is to supply the clean lubrication oil
under the required pressure and circulate it inside the engine.
In most of the diesel engines the
lube oil system consists of a positive displacement gear pump, chain-driven
from the crankshaft, draws lubricating oil from the engine oil pan and
circulates it through the system. The oil passes through a suction strainer
before entering the pump, then through proper filters and oil cooler before
delivery to the engine parts.
Oil is accumulated and stored in
the engine's oil sump where one or more oil pumps take a suction and pump the
oil through one or more oil filters.
The main parts of the lube oil
system are listed below:
1. Oil Pumps
2. Oil Filters
3. Oil Cooler
4. Oil manifold
5. Oil Sump
Depending on the service duty and
size of the diesel engine the lube oil system components may be part of the
engine package and engine-mounted on the skid which is the typical case for
stanby gensets, or may be stand-alone components, which is the case for large
engines.
Oil Pumps details
The engine driven oil pump: usually
positive displacement gear-driven pump. It pulls oil from the lube oil pan
(sump) and supplies it to the engine when the engine is running.
Pre-lube oil pump: In the larger
engines the pre-lube pump is generally a close coupled, self-priming, positive
displacement pump of the rotary lobe or gear type.
Oil Filters
The function of the filters is to
clean the oil and remove any metal that the oil has picked up due to wear, and
depending on its temperature it may pass through the oil coolers or not before
it goes to the engine bearing inside the engine through the oil main gallery
inside the cylinder block.
Oil Cooler
The lube oil cooler assembly
generally uses shell and tube heat exchanger. Depending on the lube oil flow
rate, a single heat exchanger may be used or two or more units may be used.
Oil Manifold
The oil galleries distribute the
oil to all the bearings surfaces in the engine.
Oil Sump
The oil sump is where the oil is
accumulated and stored in the engine.
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